The Theme of Perfection and Imperfect in the Poem ‘God’s Grandeur’

In the poem ‘God’s Grandeur’ by Gerard Manley Hopkins, the theme of imperfection and perfection is highlighted. The majority of the poem is a contrast between imperfection and perfection. The first stanza discusses the contrast between the two themes; perfection and imperfection, while in the second stanza; God’s perfection is mainly spoken about. Perfection The mere title of this poem suggests the poem is about something great and powerful. The word ‘grandeur’ is defined as splendour and impressiveness. This word is frequently used when referring to appearance or style and is a synonym and implication of perfection.Therefore, the poem’s title is suiting and signifies God’s perfection and His grace. In the poem, the earth and nature is also seen as a symbol of perfection, as it is made and controlled by God. This is evident in line one, which quotes â€Å"The world is charged with the grandeur of God. † This shows that natu re is seen as pure and it is renewed at this point to be slowly changed by imperfections such as man. In line six it is stated that ‘all is seared with trade; bleared, smeared with soil; And wears man’s smudge and man’s smell. However nature is relentless and proves itself to always be perfect, no matter how many attempts man tries to destroy it, it just always finds a way bounce back what harm man does to it. Lines nine and ten state ‘†¦nature is never spent; there lives the dearest freshness deep down things. ’ These phrases clearly prove that the earth will not lose its purity due to man. The Holy Ghost’s presence with vitality and life and al luminous things are what keep the earth together, with warm breath and bright wings. ImperfectionIn the poem ‘God’s Grandeur’ the theme of imperfection directly deals with the attitude and the action of man. God has blessed man with a wonderful earth, a natural home with abund ant resources to help man to survive, but unfortunately man has become blind and ungrateful. For centuries man has destroyed the earth for selfish gain. This can be shown by the phrase ‘the soil is now bare’, which gives the image of a desolate, dry earth whose resources were used for the wrong purposes. The phrase ‘nor can foot feel’ hich contains an example of alliteration and also imagery, shows how man has separated himself both physically and spiritually from nature and the earth which God has blessed them with and consequently they are also separating themselves from God. The poet’s tone of gratitude and awe throughout most of the poem clearly shows his disappointment of man’s treatment to the earth due to ignorance selfishness and ingratitude which contribute to man’s imperfection. Even the phrase ‘why do men then now not reck his rod? ’ show that the poet does not understand why man does not give God the thanks and respect that He is due.Unfortunately man does not realize that by trying to help themselves , they are actually hurting themselves , since they are destroying something that is keeping them alive. Most of the book of Matthew chapter five , especially Matthew 5:48 which states ‘you therefore must be perfect as your Heavenly Father is perfect’ clearly shows that due to man’s sin , such as selfishness, hatred, ignorance and in relation to the poem the misuse of God’s blessings , which contribute to man’s imperfection, can resultantly separate us from God.

Secret Nazi Words and Codes

Secret Nazi Words and Codes Nazi-Problem? Does the world have a new Nazi problem? Well, it surely seems that way. This article will introduce you to their scrambled ways of communication worldwide so that you can recognize them when you come across them e.g. on social media channels.    The aftermath of the NSU-Scandal (National Socialist Underground) is slowly fading from the medias memory. The idea of an organized underground network of Neo-Nazis once more has become something politicians and police officials can dismiss as unrealistic. The recent surge of attacks on refugee camps, and in places like Charlottesville, Virginia speak a very different language.  Experts think that if not part of a larger scheme, at least the right-wing groups and individuals are in close communication via social networks and other methods. The NSU-investigations have once again shown, that there is a large Neo-Nazi-force – one that is rooted deeper in society than our leaders would like to admit. Maybe even than we would like to admit.  Just as with other fringe groups, many Nazis have developed specific code words and numbers to symbolize right-wing terminology and signs – Terminology and Symbols that are otherwise prohibited in Germany. We will see that these secr et words and codes of Nazi-speech are not only circulating in Germany.   Ã‚   Numeric Combinations There are many numeric combinations that operate as metaphors for Nazi-terms. You often find them as emblems on clothing or in online communication. The following list will give you an idea of some of the codes in Germany and abroad.    In a lot of examples, the chosen numbers represent letters of the alphabet. They are an abbreviation of words associated with the Third Reich or other names, dates or events from Nazi mythology. In these cases, the rule is mostly 1 A and 2 B, etc. Here are some of the best known Nazi codes: 88 – represents HH, meaning â€Å"Heil Hitler.† The 88 is one of the most used codes in Nazi-speech.  18 – stands for AH, you guessed right, its an abbreviation of Adolf Hitler.198 – a combination of 19 and 8 or S and H, meaning Sieg Heil.1919 – represents SS, short for â€Å"Schutzstaffel†, probably the most infamous paramilitary organization in the Third Reich. It was responsible for some of the most heinous crimes against humanity in World War II.  74 – GD or â€Å"Großdeutschland/ Großdeutsches Reich† refers to the 19th-century idea of a German state that includes Austria, also an unofficial term for Germany after the annex of Austria in 1938. Großdeutsches Reich was the official state designation of the Third Reich in the last two years of the war.28 – BH is an abridgement for Blood Honor, a German Neo-Nazi network that nowadays is prohibited.  444 – yet another representation of letters, DDD s tands for Deutschland den Deutschen (Germany for the Germans). Other theories point out that it also might refer to the Four-Column-Concept of the far-right party NPD (National Democratic Party of Germany). This concept is the NPD’s strategy for winning over political power in Germany.     14 or 14 words – is a numeric combination used by Nazis all over the world, but especially in the USA and by some German groups. The exact 14 words of this code are: We must secure the existence of our people and a future for white children. A statement coined by deceased American white supremacist David Eden Lane. â€Å"Our people,† of course excludes everyone who is not deemed â€Å"white.†    Nazi-Speech The German Nazi-scenes have proven to be very creative when it comes to inventing phrases or terms for communicating within their ranks. That goes from harmless sounding self-designations, over re-labelling left-wing slogans to diverse phrases and synonyms. In general, Nazi-Speech is highly politicized language that is designed to achieve very specific goals, such as shaping public discussions of certain issues and agitate a concrete group or demographic.    Particularly political parties and organizations that operate on a public level are sticking to an up-front harmless language that makes it difficult to distinguish it from e.g. official municipal language. Often, Nazis refrain from using obvious go-to-terms, such as the N-word, - which in German means Nazi -   that would make it easy to identify their cause.Some groups or parties call themselves Nationaldemokraten (National Democrats), Freiheitliche (Liberals or Libertarians) or Nonkonforme Patrioten (Nonconformist Patriots). Nonconformist or politically incorrect are frequently used labels in right-wing speech. Regarding World War II, far-right statements often aim at trivializing the Holocaust and at shifting blame towards the Allied Forces. NPD-politicians regularly criticize that Germans indulge in a so-called Schuldkult (Cult of Guilt) or a Holocaust-Religion. They also often claim that their opponents use the Faschismus-Keule (Fascism-Club) against them. They mean that Right -Wing arguments cannot be equated with fascist positions. But this specific critique is mostly beside the point and plays down the Holocaust  by calling numerous allied military operations as Alliierte Kriegsverbrechen (Allied War-Crimes) and Bomben-Holocausts (Bomb-Holocausts). Some right-wing groups even go as far as labelling the BRD a â€Å"Besatzerregime (Occupied Regime)†, basically calling it an illegitimate successor to the Third Reich, unlawfully installed by the Allied Forces.    This short glance at the secret words and codes of Nazi-Speech is just the tip of the iceberg. When delving deeper into the German language, especially on the internet, it might be wise to keep your eyes open for some of these numeric combinations and the above-mentioned signs. By using seemingly random numbers or harmless phrases Nazis and right-wing people often do communicate far less hidden than one would think.

Modern marketing techniques Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Modern marketing techniques - Essay Example This imply that consumers are driven by some preconceived ideologies about goods or services and this influences the decision making process by the consumers. Attitude would refer to the ideological conception that exist in one’s mind about the product and which greatly influence the buying habits of the consumer. They sought to study the consumer behavior and the green marketing through special focus on gasoline products. By collecting data through surveys and then analyzing them through regression method, the group found supportive evidence that the consumers’ behaviors have greatly influenced the marketing procedures within the context of gasoline products in that most preference is now banked on the environmental friendly gasoline products. This has therefore the implications that majority of suppliers of the energy products such as the gasoline products are driven to market their products in ways that are most appealing in manners of environmental appeal. This expl ains the modern branding mechanisms that are adopted by the firms dealing with these products (Singh et al, 2011, p.101). The character or traits that are exhibited by consumers are what is called the consumer behavior and is revealed while searching for, purchasing, using, disposing and evaluating products as well as services that are useful and through which they gain the utility required. Through these considerations then, consumers are influenced in making decision as well as spending their resources for the satisfaction of need and wants. The information that marketers get from the consumers is thus seen to be very important while directing o n the appropriate marketing procedures as well as practices in order to achieve efficiency within the market. This describes why majority of modern marketing revolves around consumer behavior while carrying out a market analysis, target market selection, market-mix determination as well as the marketing strategies mostly reliable within a certain market segment (Bello, 2008, p.1-4). This therefore explains the various marketing mechanisms that are in use today, and which are determined by the consumer behaviors exhibited. Advertising is one tool of marketing and which describes a mechanism that is employed by marketers to pass across valuable information to the potential customers in a bid to win their attention in purchases. As an avenue for informing, advertising is efficient in customizing the consumers’ behavior through appealing to their emotions as well as through group identity. A study carried to ascertain the relationship between effective advertising and the behavior of consumers in buying revealed that there is actually strong evidence to link the consumers’ behavior to the advertisement activities. An in depth analysis also revealed a strong relationship between emotional appeal as well as the consumer purchasing behavior (Abideen and Saleem, nd, p. 55). This therefore revealed that there is a strong base to ascertain that consumers purchase more the goods or

Environmental Law Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Environmental Law - Research Paper Example The decisions of the Agency unavoidably comprise value judgments, and the resolutions should be reached within a web of political restrictions. The EPA’s administrator is the legal authority on any specific resolution; nevertheless, the job is appointed by the President, and the administrator performs his/her tasks under the President’s authority (Glicksman 53). Moreover, regulatory agencies are largely controlled and affected by the manpower and budgetary proposals of the Office of Management and Budget, by the outcome of Congressional inspection, and by the Congress’s supervision (Glicksman 61). EPA should essentially moderate its decisions and activities with a certain level of political sense. In fact, political circumstances may prevent regulatory decisions that seem to be constitutional, and even important, under related statute. Furthermore, since regulatory activities carried out by EPA in Washington should be overseen either by the EPA regional departmen ts that are supervised by independent local and state governments or by fairly autonomous appointees, EPA’s decisions should be appropriate to an even wider array of political interests and should predict difficulties in implementation (Rom 82). This research paper argues that the EPA should have the authority to change policy and implement those policies concerning the health of the nation’s population without causing a political conflict in Washington over the economic impact of government regulations. In essence, this paper argues that EPA should be highly involved in the decision-making process, but it should not be in conflict with the economy and the government. Protecting the Environment and the Economy The regulation of activities that have an effect on the environment has been current event in the United States, but it is a perfect case of the economic involvement of the government for a social reason. Since the 1960s, Americans became more and more worried ab out the effect of industrial progress on the environment (Heyes 61-62). For example, engine exhaust from numerous vehicles was held responsible for air pollution in major urban areas. Pollution corresponded to ‘externality’, which is defined by economists as â€Å"a cost the responsible entity can escape but that society as a whole must bear† (Heyes 62). Because market dynamics are not capable of addressing these issues, numerous environmentalists asserted that government has a moral responsibility to safeguard the planet’s delicate environment, even though doing so entails that a certain level of economic progress be given up. Several major laws were ratified to prevent and regulate pollution, such as the 1972 Clean Water Act and the 1963 Clean Air Act. Environmentalists accomplished a very important objective in 1970 with the creation of EPA which merged into a single organization numerous federal projects focused on environmental conservation. The EPA e stablishes and implements acceptable regulatory practices, and it provides timetables to encourage polluters to conform to these norms. Because majority of the prerequisites are current, industries are granted a substantial amount of time to abide by these rules (Schoenbrod 25). The Agency also has the power to organize and

The Impact of Christianity Response Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

The Impact of Christianity Response - Essay Example Philosophy is a way of life for the people in the society. Through, the people are finding their way in their lives and enacting their roles as member of the significant member of the society. With consideration to the personal philosophy they adhere with, people are finding answers and to their crucial and critical questions mainly on the concept of man’s purpose for existence. This is where the religion of Christianity affects the philosophy of the humanity in a critically significant way. The beliefs and principles of Christianity address much the dominant philosophies during the past and until the present generations wherein they seek to answer the most important questions of the humankind. With the teachings of this religion, peoples’ views and ideas regarding humanity’s purpose was significantly enlightenment giving the people a new life philosophy and hope through spirituality. The religious teachings of Christianity generally originated from the three-year ministry of Jesus Christ himself, which is critically highlighted, and emphasize with His death. During this time, the laws and principles of the God concretely reported in the Hebrew testament of the Holy Scripture were clearly explained and elaborated for the humanity to understand their significance. Inspired and proclaimed at the present by the Holy Bible, Christianity’s teachings give the people a new way in life to follow by adhering to the guiding principles inspiringly explained by Jesus Christ himself. ... With this principle, the religion of Christianity has given a new philosophy for the humanity during their time of turmoil and disparity. With this philosophy, Christianity has able to bind the people in the spirituality perspective of living in faith with God and the salvation that awaits them in return. Important Aspects of Christianism "Why do Christians consider the Beatitudes (Matthew 5-7) some of Jesus' most important teachings'" During the ministerial and theocratic mission of Jesus on the face of the Earth, he continuously nourished his disciples and believers moral thoughts and encouragement regarding the morally inclining and spiritual enriching Words of God. He elaborated and thoroughly discuss to the common public the meaning and value of the principles embedded in the Words of God. Hs wisdom regarding these matters are very much unsurpassable and that they are spiritually inclining especially to the common public thus his teachings was widely accepted by the people. Among Jesus' teachings, his Sermon on the Mount becomes mostly strengthening because of the principles embedded on it. This discussion is commonly termed to be the Beatitudes where Jesus explicitly relates to the common public the true meaning and relevance of the Word of God. Through the said teaching, Jesus was able to capture the hearts and spirits of the people because his sermon showed deep emotions of concern and empathy to the weak and poor. His Words contain hope for happiness for the poor, weak, deceased families and weak but all spiritual conscious and have faith with the Word of God. (Matthew 5: 1-11). The Beatitudes generally are for the oppressed and weak people in the society that

Judaism religion and practices Essay Example for Free

Judaism religion and practices Essay Judaism is a religion that is practiced mostly by the residents of the Jewish country, all followers of Judaism whether they are born in the Jewish country or not are called Jews. Judaism is the Jews monotheistic religion which traces its genesis to Abraham, its ethical and spiritual principles are engulfed mainly in the Talmud and the scriptures of the Hebrews. This religion is mostly characterized with the traditional rites and ceremonies of the Jewish people and religion. Its practices are also deeply rooted in the religious, social, and cultural practices of the Jewish people who consider themselves as one community or people (Steinberg, 1965). Judaism religion and practices Judaism is based on the premises of monotheism, the belief of a special covenant with the almighty God that makes the Jews to claim that they are the God’s chosen people. It is also based on the territorial and ethnic identity, whereby the territory of the Jews is known as the Promised Land. This religion has specific laws and practices. The origin of Judaism finds its roots either from the formulation of monotheism by Moses or God’s covenant with Abraham, the religion recognizes that the laws attributed to Moses incorporated the Pentateuch. However, the political part of Judaism is much related to King David, the king who had Judah as his capital and who planned the Jerusalem temple, which was later built by Solomon who was his son. During the period of the Jewish captivity in Babylon the Judaism religion was much consolidated, the Mosaic was also written during this period (Grabbe, 2000). The Jews believe that the difference between civil and divine law is not clear at all. They believe that the supreme power comes from God and thus the command of God is law, whether it is civil or religious. The Mosaic Law dates back to the 5th BC. This law was then interpreted by Midrash and the Talmud. The Talmud incorporates civil and religious laws that are not in the Torah as proper and thus goes ahead to explain them (Steinberg, 1965). The Jews firmly believe that they are the God’s chosen people who have the duty of shedding light to all other nations around the world. God made a covenant with the Jews through Abraham and later renewed the same covenant with Moses, Isaac and Jacob. The worship of Yahweh was mainly centralized in Jerusalem ever since the time of King David. The demolition of the 1st Jerusalem temple by the people of Babylon which was later followed by the Jews exile ushered in a new hope of national reinstallation under messiah leadership. The Persians later freed them from exile, but the rebellion failed against the Romans made the second temple to be destroyed and the subsequent dispersal of the Jews around the world (Grabbe, 2000). Judaism religion emerged to substitute the practices and beliefs linked with the Jerusalem temple, this was mainly because the Jews carried with them their religion and culture through their strict observance and via a scholarship of tradition. The greatest part of the commentaries and oral law were written down by the Mishna and Talmud. Judaism religion continued despite that it experienced very harsh persecutions by several nations around the world (Steinberg, 1965). The Judaism religion regards itself as a widespread religion; this is due to the fact that it views is laws to be appropriate for all mankind. It has a distinction between the non Jews and the Jews. The traditional Judaism requires all the Jews to follow all the commandments found in the Bible. On the other hand the non Jews should only follow seven laws out of the six hundred and thirteen laws. These seven laws demand that everyone whether a Jew or a non Jew to believe in only one God, they forbid murder, blasphemy, sexual immorality and theft. They also prevent anyone from feeding on a living creature’s limb. The seven laws also mandate the setting up of law courts. The Jews believe that, a non Jew who follows all the seven laws to be righteous, and is therefore, just like a Jew who follows all the six hundred and thirteen laws that are upon him (Fine, 2001). The fundamental orientation of Judaism is practical. It has no body of doctrine that is officially recognized, but it has various beliefs that are quite essential to all the Jews. The Jewish belief is rooted in the Jewish law and not in any systematic Theology. The issue about punishment and reward in life after death is a new development in this religion. Pre occupation and asceticism with life after death are discouraged. Redemption is obtained via good conduct and not through faith. Judaism believes that everyone has a duty to contribute towards perfecting this world (Steinberg, 1965). The practice of this religion of Judaism has never been restricted to only the people who were born of the Jewish community. However, the attitudes towards one being converted to Judaism have varied significantly in various localities and periods. It has always been doable for the non Jews to join Judaism. In fact, some of the greatest individuals of Judaism were either people who had been converted into Judaism or their descendants. A good example is King David; he was one of Ruth’s descendants. Since people hood and religion are quite inseparable in the religion of Judaism, acceptance of the beliefs of Judaism makes one to eventually become one of the Jewish people (Grabbe, 2000). Judaism emphasizes that each and every Jew should be responsible for the other and they should therefore live like one big community, this has made the Jews to develop a great sense of unity. No Jew should look at another Jew nonchalantly when he or she is suffering. They are required to do all that is possible to make sure that they alleviate such Jews from the suffering they are going through. Hebrew does not have charity, but it uses tsedakah which means justice. It means that it is only proper and just for those Jews who are blessed with more to share them with the less fortunate Jews in the society. The Jews mutual responsibility for each other stretches to include even violation of law cases: if a Jew finds another Jew violating the law, he or she is supposed to rebuke the Jew who is violating the law (Fine, 2001). Judaism religion also emphasizes on the need to elevate profane to the holiness state. Thus, most of what would have been considered ordinary includes ritual components which are intended to sanctify. For example, while eating there has to be benedictions before starting to eat the food and after eating it. This makes the table to be similar to the altar. Judaism has a lot of laws which are meant to regulate the daily life of the Jews; the aim of this regulation is to modify the actions of man into God’s service. Judaism also regards the restrictions of Torah myriad upon the conduct of a Jew as ones that elevates him. It views the uncontrolled expression of mankind’s appetite similar to that of the animals and the control measures placed upon mankind serves him by raising him higher. Thus, before a Jew eats any food, he has to first consider whether the food in question meets all the dietary law requirements. If it fails in any then he cannot proceed to eat it as he will consider doing so as violating the law (Fine, 2001). Asceticism is not considered as a virtue in Judaism. The Midrash provides that when everyone accounts for herself or him self following his or her death, such a person has to account for all the allowed pleasures of the world which he restricted himself from doing while on earth (Grabbe, 2000). Conclusion Judaism religion is mainly found in among the people of the Jewish nation but has never been restricted among these people only as it also accepts people from other origins to join them and thus practice the doctrines of the religion. The Jews, who are the members of Judaism, consider themselves to be the people who have been chosen by God and thus all other tribes in the world should follow them. The laws of the Jews, according to Judaism are applicable in all circumstances to all nations around the world which makes the Jews to claim that their religion is universal. Reference: Fine, L. (2001): Judaism in practice: from the middle Ages through the early modern period; ISBN 0691057877, Princeton University Press. Grabbe, L. L. (2000): Judaic Religion in the Second Temple Period: Belief and Practice from the Exile to Yavneh; ISBN 0415212502, Routledge. Steinberg, M. (1965): Basic Judaism; ISBN 0156106981, Harcourt, Brace, Jovanovich.

Supervision And Training Skills In The Hospitality Industry Tourism Essay

Supervision And Training Skills In The Hospitality Industry Tourism Essay As per the case study the courthouse hotel is a privately owned establishment which is considered as the major hotel in the city. As it is a three star hotel it needs to control its cost so that the hotel runs on profit margin and not on the loss side. Keeping these things into mind the hotel keeps its cost low as compared to others hotels operated in the city. Only few managers and staff members of the hotel use to work once a week in comparison to a month. As the management wants to restaff its organization they need to keep in mind certain factors as the the person should be having good communication skills, should give good level of service to the guest, well gained with good qualifications. In this case study the hotel is moving from three star to four star hotel so he needs to follow the managerial functions which will lead a organizations to high limits. SUMMARY: Staffing is a term that refers to the management of employee schedules. For many retail businesses, staffing is monitored hourly because the cost of employee pay checks is a significant cost driver for the organization. (MANAGING HOTELS EFFECTIVELY, EDDYSTONE C.NEBEL,3 EDITION,PAGE NO.159) Staffing also says that the persons should be recruited in such a manner that the organisation should get ample level of service that a hotel wants from them in order to run on profit margins. No. of staff in the hotel is one of the main key point so that in order to run a company or organisation there is ample staff to run so that it should provide good level of service. Staffing is one of the most vital functions in the function of management. As staffing is all about recruiting the people whenever a new hotel opens. It also acts as ongoing functions because of high rate of employee rate and management turnover. As this turnover rate the hotel needs to restaff its hotel with proper selection of employees keeping in mind that they are well trained enough to run the hotel and leads the hotel towards profits. Properly designing jobs staffed by employees well suited to their work is an important first step in providing superior guest service.(MULLENS 1985) (MANAGING HOTELS EFFECTIVELY,EDDYSTONE C.NEBEL,3 EDITION,PAGE NO.159). As the courthouse is changing his level of service and recruiting more peoples he needs to keep in mind some of the key points which need to run the hotel and to maintain the profit margin. The following key points or staffing issue are as follows: Training and development:- Training is designed to improve the knowledge or skills of the hotels staff . It is obvious to train the staff in order to do the required job or say task.(Hotel operations management,david k.Hayes,jack d.ninemeir, edition 2,115,116). As the hotel is recruiting new staff for the upcoming four star hotel he need to keep several things in mind that the employee should be enough skillfull so that he can run the organisation in profit margin and his recruitment is also depends on the qualification he holds. Training also plays a vital role in the development of the employee as the hotel is allocated to Germans there is a need of training to be developed in them that how to welcome them and the way of communication. It is important to develop the training program both for the benefit of the staff and the organisation.(supervisory management, Robert w.eckles,Ronald l.carmicael, Bernard r. sarchet IInd edition,338). In order to maintain the standard and level of service the hotel needs to give the same level of service to the German peoples and this is possible by training the staff more efficiently and making them enough skilful so that they can caters the needs of them. Directing: The second key point which a hotel needs to keep in mind is the directing as it is a managerial function which initiates action. Its primarily means issuing instruction, assignment ,and directives (orders). Directing also includes building an effective work force encouraging each employee to work willingly and enthusiastically towards the accomplishment of the desired objectives. (Supervision: concept and practices of management,theo haimann, Raymond l. Hilgert,edition 4th ,305). As the hotel is changing from three star to four star hotel so it needs to follow some strategies which can take them to high sky so that it can make profit out of it. Directing in this case study plays an important role as the hotel is changing his level of service as the German is allocated to the courthouse hotel. The hotel has to direct the staff in order to meet the challenge they are about to accept. Giving right direction to the employees can result into profit for the organisation. Directing employees according to the needs of the Germans can result into good customer satisfaction. Directing can also be defined as the art of encourage for the staff to work more effectively and efficiently. In order to do any task we need to have some direction or say planning so that we should know that the work we are doing is going on the right direction or not. Directing to the staff boosts themselves to earn more confidence in what they are doing and the result they want to cater to them is also on the right direction. .(supervision: concept and practices of management,theo haimann, Raymond l. Hilgert,edition 4th ,305). Time management and activity planning: In order to complete the task we need to keep in mind the time factor which plays an important role in doing the activity or a task. In order maintain time management we need to do a certain planning by which the task can be completed. working smart is more important then working hard. To be effective or in order to maintain the time management and activity planning u need to keep some factors in mind:- Devising action plans. Delegating the actions needed to achieve the objectives. Providing support and help whenever needed. (Hospitality retail management, Conrad lashley, ed 2000, 209). As in the case study the hotel is moving from 3 stars to 4 stars and in the coming months the hotel is setting up a plan for opening the banquet halls and room service. In order to run smooth organisation we need to manage the time factor which is very important. Doing the work in the specified period of time is what success all about is in hotels. In order to run a smooth organisation we need to manage all the activity in time. As the banquet is opening so the staff should be more specific about the time management and in that time they need to plan a activity which should be completed in the required time. (Hospitality retail management, Conrad lashley, ed 2000, 209). 2(A) Existing staff may react to the following changes in the following ways: Overtime : As the staff requires ample amount of training in there development so they need to cope up with the skills which can run the smooth organisation. As in the case study first there was only few staff working and that only one weekend in a month. So the new staff might have problem as they have to give extra hours to there work. The problem can be the work pressure on them as they were if working for 10 hrs but now they are working for 20 hrs. (managing change, carnall,1991,92 ) Work load or stress on employees: Changes creates anxiety, uncertainty and stress, even for those managing change. Even peoples are fully committed to change may experience stress .( managing change, carnall,1991,92). As per the case study first the worker were doing their job as per the requirements but now as the new facilities are introduced in the hotel they need to give more attention to their work and this might can take them to stress and overtime in their duty rota. Mutual understanding between the employees: If there will be no understanding between the employees there can be a situation of disputes regarding the wages as the people of the hotel which are new are not familiarise. Planning, organising and staffing can be used as preparatory or preliminary managerial function. The problem of directing can also come into this as everyone has its own way of doing the work. As earlier there was no one to tell them what the best way of doing work is. But now they are pointing out different queries that this is not the way to do the work. (Supervision: concepts and practices of management,4th edition,305) As if there will be no planning no organising and no proper staffing then will be no proper directing towards the work. Even more without these management problems the organisation cannot run properly and proper planning=proper organising=proper staffing= proper directing staff. Every one has its own way of working and if someone impose some thing on them then there is a problem which arises in the organisation and to them also. Steps could a supervisor take to minimize the impact of these reactions are: A supervisor can change the individuals who work in the organisation. In order to follow the managerial functions the supervisor need to follow them on the workers as if the supervisor is planning a strategy then the staff should implement it as a supervisor will not tell something else which will lead a organisation towards the negative level..(managing change 2nd edition, Christopher mabey, bill mayon-white, 165 ) working smart is more important then working hard.(hospitality retail management,2000,Conrad lashley,209). This is what a supervisor wants to tell his employees that dont be in any hesitations jus ask the problem which you want to. Dont jus do the work but should know that what work are doing. Planning for each organisation and time management allow to run the organisation more efficiently and more effectively.(hospitality retail management,2000, Conrad lashley,210). The supervisor maintains the time in which the certain task have to be fulfilled and for doing so the supervisor do a meeting in which he get assured by all the worker to finish there task according to the time give by him. Conclusion After the discussion on the staffing issue and to the proposed changes the conclusion comes that the in order to run a smooth organisation we need to follow the important or say relevant steps for the profit margin. Staffing a right employee and motivating him towards his work is more important if a organisation want to be success in future. As courthouse is moving from three star to for star he need to develop certain strategies and need to be implemented. After developing these implement on them the hotel will be running in profits in the coming future and there will be good level of service which will cater to the guests. The more skillfull the staff will be the more quick service he will be catering to the guest.